17. Solar / PV & Renewables · Page 4 of 7
Inverter Immunity vs External SPDs
Built-in protection is not a complete design.

Manufacturer baseline
Many inverters include some internal surge components for immunity—but project standards and site exposure often require external SPDs anyway.
Warranty & guidelines
Follow inverter installation manuals for required external SPD types and distances.
Field evidence
Sites that skip external SPDs in high lightning regions see higher inverter failure rates.
